Items of great cultural value include the finely woven 'ie toga. "[144] It has been theorized that the indigenous Jmon people of the Japanese archipelago are related to Austronesians, along with the indigenous inhabitants of the Ryukyu Islands. [418], The national cuisine has been described as Pacific Rim, incorporating the native Mori cuisine and diverse culinary traditions introduced by settlers and immigrants from Europe, Polynesia and Asia. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part . This continent, the smallest on the planet, is located south of thePacific Ocean, west of theIndian Oceanand southeast ofthe Asian continent. [448][449][450] Additionally, it attracts significant attention across New Zealand and the Pacific Islands. [15], The arrival of European settlers in subsequent centuries resulted in a significant alteration in the social and political landscape of Oceania. Oceania has a diverse mix of economies from the highly developed and globally competitive financial markets of Australia, French Polynesia, Hawaii, New Caledonia, and New Zealand, which rank high in quality of life and Human Development Index,[8][9] to the much less developed economies of Kiribati, Papua New Guinea, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, and Western New Guinea,[10] while also including medium-sized economies of Pacific islands such as Fiji, Palau, and Tonga. Beginning c. 1100 CE, the people of Easter Island would begin construction of nearly 900 moai (large stone statues). Sydney (pop. "[73] The Pacific Islands Forum expanded during the early 2010s, and areas that were already included in the UN definition of Oceania, such as French Polynesia, gained membership. Oceania is the fictional totalitarian state that acts as the setting for the novel 1984 by George Orwell. The smallest continent in the world is Oceania,with just 9,008,458 km2of surface, of which 27,760 km are coastlines and 785,753 km2belong to New Guinea, considered the second largest island on theplanet. In popular usage, however, the designation has a more restricted application. According to our estimations, daily change rates of Oceania population in 2023 will be the following: As of 1 January 2023, the population of Oceania "[100], In a 1972 article for the Music Educators Journal titled Musics of Oceania, author Raymond F. Kennedy wrote, "many meanings have been given to the word Oceania. According to the Act of Papua Autonomy (Undang-Undang Otonomi Khusus bagi Provinsi Papua) section 2 verse 2, the province itself has its own flag and arms, similar to other provinces. Hawaii's musical contributions to the music of the United States are out of proportion to the state's small size. Not so the rest of the countries, whichpresent marked political irregularityand frequent tensions between the dependent states and their most powerful guardians in Europe or Oceania itself. [64][123] Archaeological evidence suggests that Micronesians may have lived on the Bonin Islands c.2,000 years ago, but they were uninhabited at the time of European discovery in the 16th century. As of 1 January 2023, the population of Oceania was estimated to be 44,416,763 people. Global Rank: Position held by Oceania in the list of all regions worldwide ranked by population (from the highest population to the lowest population) as of July 1 of the year indicated. [84], American geographer Jesse Olney's 1845 book A Practical System of Modern Geography stated that it "comprises the numerous isles of the Pacific, lying south east of Asia." Planet Sport p. 85, Kath Woodward 2012, Australia p. 101, Sundran Rajendra 2002, New Zealand p. 76, Rebecca Hirsch 2013, Boundaries between the continents of Earth, Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, International Union for Conservation of Nature, History of the Federated States of Micronesia, Military history of Australia during World War I, Military history of Australia during World War II, List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Oceania, Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands, stock exchange in Australia and in the South Pacific, Globalization and World Cities Research Network, Somewhere Over the Rainbow/What a Wonderful World, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100", "United Nations Statistics Division National Accounts", "Oceania: Population, Characteristics, Economy And Religions", "Australia: World Audit Democracy Profile", "Kiribati: 2011 Article IV Consultation-Staff Report, Informational Annexes, Debt Sustainability Analysis, Public Information Notice on the Executive Board Discussion, and Statement by the Executive Director for Kiribati", "2011 Human Development Report: Pacific Islands' progress jeopardized by inequalities and environmental threats", "Secret Instructions to Captain Cook, 30 June 1768", "Oceania | Definition, Population, & Facts | Britannica", "Unprecedented study of Aboriginal Australians points to one shared Out of Africa migration for modern humans", "Taiwan - Sports and recreation | Britannica", The world as it is now: a series of geographical readers Part 1 By Thomas Higman, 1884, P.38, Daily Consular and Trade Reports 1928, P.532, Mineral Resources of the United States Part 1 By United States, Bureau of Mines, 1922, P.46a, Lewis & Wigen, The Myth of Continents (1997), "Australia is a Pacific island it has a responsibility", "Rudd on avoiding war and Australia's big policy failure in the Pacific", "Australia and Oceania: Physical Geography", "Martin Clunes' ultimate guide to the Pacific islands", "Environmental history of the Pacific Islands: a Bibliography |", "POLICY BRIEF: The Pacific: Transition & Uncertainty", "Micronesia: Submerged Cultural Resources Assessment", "A Classification of the Biogeographical Provinces of the World", "Tourist attractions in Easter Island & Robinson Crusoe", "Countries or areas / geographical regions", https://www.cbd.int/doc/world/tl/tl-nr-04-en.pdf, "Preliminary checklist of the naturalised and pest plants of Timor-Leste", "Australia and Oceania - The World Factbook", "How the Pacific Islands Forum Fell Apart", ".hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22included+in+oceania%22&pg=RA2-PA95&printsec=frontcover Archived, "Diversity of drosophilid flies on Kume-jima, a subtropical island: comparison with diversity on Iriomote-jima", "Philippines islands to reunite with mainland Asia", "ryukyu islands japan: Topics by Science.gov", "Naturally occurring Bacillus thuringiensis in oceanic islands of Japan, Daito-shoto and Ogasawara-shoto", "Marine Biodiversity in Juan Fernndez and Desventuradas Islands, Chile: Global Endemism Hotspots", "Shore Fishes of Easter Island, John E. Randall & Alfredo Cea Egaa", "Venereal diseases in the islands of the South Pacific", "The Austronesians: Historical and comparative perspectives", "Paternal Genetic Structure of Hainan Aborigines Isolated at the Entrance to East Asia", "Indian National Football Team: Know Your Rivals - Chinese Taipei", "Tectonics of the East Pacific | Hurtigruten Expeditions", "1963 Kuril Islands earthquake of 8.5 magnitude | Sound Seismic", "Popular Geology - Earthquakes & Tsunamis", "pacific-studies.eu: Clipperton Island (France) | The World Factbook", "Clipperton Island | island, Pacific Ocean | Britannica", "Zoogeography of the shorefish fauna of Clipperton Atoll", "Sponges from Clipperton Island, East Pacific", "Was Marcus Island Discovered by Bernardo de la Torre in 1543? The UN projects that the global population will increase from a population of around 8 billion in 2022 to 10.4 billion by the end of the century. Countries of the World. This is a senior leadership position responsible for an integrated approach to population and public health programs and services in the Province of Manitoba. [197] The prehistories of many Micronesian islands such as Yap are not known very well. [204][205], Easter Islanders claimed that a chief Hotu Matua[206] discovered the island in one or two large canoes with his wife and extended family. [429][430] These rock paintings served several functions. English, French, Bislama (Bichelama) plus more than 100 local languages. "[100] Ross further wrote, "and to this vast region the term Oceania has been applied. [81], Alfred Russel Wallace believed in 1879 that Oceania extended to the Aleutian Islands, which are among the northernmost islands of the Pacific. [360] Agriculture accounts for 18% of gross domestic product, although it employed some 70% of the workforce as of 2001. [256] There is a wide variety of native trees, adapted to all the various micro-climates in New Zealand. the United States population is equivalent to 4.25% of the total world population. Oceania was first explored by Europeans from the 16th century onwards. [29] John Eperjesi's 2005 book The Imperialist Imaginary: Visions of Asia and the Pacific in American Culture says that it has "been used by western cartographers since the mid-19th century to give order to the complexities of the Pacific area. [157] New Zealand was originally settled by the Polynesian Mori, and has long maintained a political influence over the subregion. Fewer than 6.5 million in all, the peoples of Oceania possess a vast repository of cultural traditions and ecological adaptations. Micronesian colonists gradually settled the Marshall Islands during the 2nd millennium BCE, with inter-island navigation made possible using traditional stick charts.[199]. However, the most popular usage excludes not only the Ryukyu, Kuril, and Aleutian islands and the Japanese archipelago but also islands that are historically closely related to the Asian mainland, such as Indonesia, Taiwan, and the Philippines. "[55] In his 2013 book Reptiles and Amphibians of the Pacific Islands: A Comprehensive Guide, American herpetologist George R. Zug wrote, "what is and is not part of the Pacificparticularly the western Pacificis variously delimited", adding that "a majority viewpoint accepts the landmasses of Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, New Guinea, and eastern Australia, which face the open waters of the Pacific, as its western edge." Since 1788, the primary influence behind Australian culture has been Anglo-Celtic Western culture, with some Indigenous influences. 100 million. Trend toward larger states A. The following series of short activities allows students to access a wealth of data on the world, regions, and individual countries, and develop their data literacy skills and knowledge of geography. What is the population of Oceania? The Kermadec Islands, Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island are also considered to be subtropical islands. [380] The Australian Defence Force is by far the largest military force in Oceania. [38] American geographer Sophia S. Cornell claimed that the Aleutian Islands were not part of Oceania in 1857. Fiji has a multiparty system with the Prime Minister of Fiji as head of government. [208] Moreover, a recent study which included radiocarbon dates from what is thought to be very early material suggests that the island was discovered and settled as recently as 1200.[209]. Copyright Worldometers.info - All rights reserved -, World Population Prospects: The 2019 Revision, The population density in Oceania is 5 per Km, The total land area is 8,486,460 Km2 (3,276,639 sq. Australia was also not included, as it was settled several thousands of years before the arrival of Austronesian-speaking peoples in Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. [248] The coastal uplands and a belt of Brigalow grasslands lie between the coast and the mountains, while inland of the dividing range are large areas of grassland. For example, in the Solomon Islands, English is the official language, but only 1-2% of the population can speak it fluently the majority speak an English creole, Solomons Pijin. "[137] In his 2002 book Oceania: An Introduction to the Cultures and Identities of Pacific Islanders, Andrew Strathern excluded Okinawa and the rest of the Ryukyu Islands from his definition of Oceania, but noted that the islands and their indigenous inhabitants "show many parallels with Pacific island societies. Chai, Makana Risser. PopulationPyramid.net Pirmides Populacionais do Mundo desde 1950 at 2100. [82][83] Wallace insisted while the surface area of this wide definition was greater than that of Asia and Europe combined, the land area was only a little greater than that of Europe. In the national agreement on Closing the Gap signed . Endowed with forest, mineral, and fish resources, Fiji is one of the most developed of the Pacific island economies, though it remains a developing country with a large subsistence agriculture sector. Hawaii also made a major contribution to country music with the introduction of the steel guitar. Oceania. [126] The book defined Oceania's major subregions as being Australia, Indonesia (which included all areas associated with the Malay archipelago), Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. [387] New Zealand is identified as one of the world's most stable and well-governed states,[388][389] with high government transparency and among the lowest perceived levels of corruption.[390]. Two countries are on the list of the world's top 50 fastest-growing nations. [259], The aptly named Pacific kingfisher is found in the Pacific Islands,[261] as is the Red-vented bulbul,[262] Polynesian starling,[263] Brown goshawk,[264] Pacific Swallow[265] and the Cardinal myzomela, among others. [158][159] Through immigration and high Mori birth rates, New Zealand has attained the largest population of Polynesians in the world,[160] while Australia has the third largest Polynesian population (consisting entirely of immigrants). [72] In a 2008 article for the India Quarterly journal titled Oceania and Security: A Perspective from New Zealand, author Peter Cozens stated, "the region of Oceania is characterised by vast distances across the sea between continental land masses [] It is difficult to be precise about the term Oceania and its exact delimitation", adding that "the principal regional political grouping is contained within the Pacific Island Forum (PIF) - the 16 states making up the Forum are: Australia, Cook Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Nauru, New Zealand, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu and Vanuatu - in general terms this is the area referred to as Oceania by the United Nations and similar agencies. Australia and New Zealand's trading arrangements are known as Closer Economic Relations. Australia and New Guinea have importantmining deposits that allowheavy industryandmetals, while New Zealand takes advantage of its lakes for the generation of hydroelectric power, thus promoting its industrialization. [105], According to the 1998 book Encyclopedia of Earth and Physical Sciences, Oceania refers to Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia, and more than 10,000 islands scattered across the Pacific Ocean. [66][113] Brown also categorized Japan and Taiwan as being in the same part of the world as the islands of Oceania, and excluded them from The Countries of the World: Volume 5, which covered mainland Asia and Hong Kong. Oceania's land surface forms 6.4 per cent of that of the earth, although by the end of the second millennium its inhabitants numbered only 31 million or 0.5 per cent of the world's population.. [268] The brown tree snake is native to northern and eastern coasts of Australia, Papua New Guinea, Guam and Solomon Islands. 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