People can barter on their own or collectively with their team. In this position, bend at the waist and reach forward with your far hand. The couple will only succeed if the blindfolded partner has trust in their partner and the non-blindfolded partner is an effective verbal communicator. A good game to get people talking about their strengths and weaknesses is spin the bottle. It will give participants a chance to practice nonverbal communication in a fun context. As one partner is sharing, the other should practice active listening techniques, conveying their empathy and understanding to their partner. Use some of the other tips and techniques mentioned in this article when you are planning your trip and while you are enjoying your trip; youre sure to see some improvements to your communication with your partner (Tasker, n.d.). Once the instructions have all been given, have everyone open their eyes and compare their shape with the intended shape. The next person adds onto the story with just one sentence as well (e.g., This bunny lived with her mother and father in a cozy little burrow under a willow tree). At opposite ends of each line, whisper a phrase or short sentence to the person on the end and tell them to pass it on using only whispers, one person at a time. Both partners should be encouraged to note any thoughts, feelings, or sensations that come bubbling up during these five minutes. Dont forget to say thank you or otherwise verbally express your gratitude to your partner! Start by giving simple definitions to the terms passive, aggressive, and assertive. Next, show them a list of animals or a bin of small stuffed animals and allow them to choose an animal that they feel represents each definition. 10. 2 groups are mostly young retired and have lots of get-up and go and we meet in the day so, no problems. Stress can come from many places, including peers, jobs, school, family, and yourself. As the weather begins to cool, join an indoor sports league, such as basketball, handball, or bowling. The couple continues sharing things one at a time until each partner has shared at least three or four times. On the second slip of paper, have each family member write an answer to the question they came up with. Useful Resource: 8 Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Exercises for Pain Relief. Draw three circles in the left-hand margin. An individualized, well-thought-out activities program is at the heart of quality life for residents in nursing homes or assisted living residences. Finally, lead a debriefing discussion on how things like tone and body language can impact the way a message is received. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Use words that rhyme with red or green to see if the players catch the difference (e.g., Bread Light! Now youve finished reading all the instructions, obey only 1, 2, 20 & 21. Adults, teens, and children all interact in different ways and group therapy activities should reflect that. Framing your discussion in this manneras a statement of your feelings rather than a personal attack or blaming sessionis not only conducive to greater understanding, it also shows your partner that you care about having a constructive conversation and that your intentions are not to hurt them but to help them see from your perspective. 1. Relate this to real-life listening by emphasizing the importance of paying attention to people when they are speaking to you, especially if its an important conversation. Physical therapists can offer passive treatment options like massage, electrical stimulation, or joint mobilizations. When communication is good, we feel good about our relationships. Students ask a personal question, then spin a pencil or similar to see who it points at and therefore who should answer the question- including the person who made the question. This communication exercise is based on President Franklin D. Roosevelts fireside chats, in which he addressed the American people with the intention of making it feel as if he was speaking directly into their living room, carrying on a calm and rational discussion of important issues. Active listening is not the easiest skill to master, but it is an important one to develop. Once everyone has completed a mold, display these molds in the home. Ive put together a tried-and-true list of exercises along with physical therapy exercise images that I recommend for my patients. All humans have some things in common. Heitler, S. (2010). Both partners should practice speaking and listening with patience and love, allowing their feelings for their partner to guide them toward true understanding rather than just reacting (Tasker, n.d.). Heres how to conduct good family meetings: After your first family meeting, discuss these questions as a family: Active listening is a vital part of communication and can greatly improve relationships between family members. Whats the Safest Antidepressant in Liver Health? How can you be aware of how we may misinterpret someone elses non-verbal messages?. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. 14. Continue the game with two more slips of blank paper. Adjust so that your elbows are higher than your hands if need be. This exercise is a great way to boost your bond and your skills at the same time. Give each participant a copy of the script (copied below). Build your endurance and strength with a bike ride during National Bike Month (May). If you have trouble completing a PT routine find ways to modify it to meet your comfort level and push yourself to improve. These types, like Russian stimulation and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), can also be used by your physical therapist in a bit of competitive play. - Elias Gasparini, 1998-2023 Tefl.NET Each therapist notchesthe NMES unit up to one level at a timeuntilone of theplayerscannot tolerate the discomfort of a strong muscle contraction that occurs with NMES. Standing upright with feet slightly spread, grasp a dumbbell overhand in each hand. Each physical therapist controls the intensity level of the other's NMES electrodes. Rotate the back foot slightly inward and lean forward until you feel a stretch in your calf. Whichever team has the most cards wins the round. Rotate at the waist from side to side, feeling the stretch in your shoulder blades. Many physical therapists use the paraffin balls to play a little game of basketball by tossing them into a garbage can located across the PT clinic. Students race to label all the objects in the classroom by writing the names of the objects on post it notes and sticking them to them. Be sure to also ask your partner what would make him or her feel more comfortable as you share your feelings, as it can be just as difficult to hear as it is to share. B: Okayjust give me a minute. Draw a circle within the square, such that it fits exactly in the middle of the square. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. The aforementioned activities are a fun way for adults with disabilities to . Three days of balance-training exercises. While watching the program without volume, identify the different non-verbal messages, especially the feelings that are expressed. Pretend to be a different animal for different colors (yellow = lion, green = bunny, purple = frog, etc.). Silent movies tell a story without words. A much simpler activity involving quick hands and moving your body is to get students doing the Japanese game janken, known in America as rock paper scissors, to decide who goes next in whatever game they are playing. When they are done writing, ask them to fold the piece of paper and put it in a hat/bowl. It can increase your ability to live with choice, meaning, and connection Its based on the classic Red Light, Green Light game in which the leader gives instructions by color: saying red light means stop and saying green light means go. While participants are busy passing the message along to the next person in line, play music or engage them in conversation to create some white noise. Spin the bottle What happens when the notes are all done and the therapeutic modalities are all placed back where they belong? Have each participant take a prompt from the bowl or jar and read the exact same sentence to the class, but with the emotion the prompt specifies. The team can ask as many questions as they need to figure it out, but remind them that theyre in competition with the other team. Heres how to put this activity into practice: This activitys aim is to see if the family member giving instructions can help the blindfolded family member get through the maze without bumping into the furniture, walls, or string. Use the following questions to guide your discussion after the follow-up: Charades is a popular game with kids since its fun, easy to play, and can result in some seriously silly situations. A: No. Grade the activity lower by having them participate with people who may have similar interests. Pull your right heel in while keeping your left hip pointed downward. The most physically interactive version is to get students to stand up and be guided to somewhere else in the classroom by their classmates instructions. Students sit in a circle and pass around some small objects whilst trying to conceal whether they have them in their hands or not and keep track of where the other objects are. Divide the group in pairs. After all, we use our arms for many everyday activities. Get two slips of paper and something to write with for each family member. Therapists use various methods to help group members learn new skills while also learning more about themselves and others. Music therapy has been used in a variety of situations involving both physical and mental health issues. Use one of the recipes below to make your own play dough as a family. Each player should take turns sharing their opinion on each snack. Usually there is a lot of laughter too. Move the other forward and bend the knee. Keeping your body in good working order is all about being proactive. Whether or not you play sports, everyone is likely to experience shoulder and neck pain at some point. Martial Arts. One hour and 15 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise. For example: My name is Sam. You dont need to spend a fortune to be physically active. The students sit with their chairs in a semi circle, introduce themselves, and try to remember each others names without writing them down. They should take a few minutes to create a thoughtful message to their partner. 6789 Quail Hill Pkwy, Suite 211 Irvine CA 92603. Brain Training or Exercising Your Mind Like a Muscle. These should be done daily, especially before activity. First, ask your kids how people might feel when they are bullied. The couple should be in a quiet and relaxing environment, with as few distractions as possible. An official website of the United States government. Anything can be fun with upbeat music, including spring cleaning! 3. Hip problems become more common as we age. Other great activities for group communication include the Square Talk and Follow All Instructions activities. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. Then discussstress-management techniques. Once youve reached the lowest point, curl back up to the beginning position. The Aggressive Alligator is a great tool from Kristina Marcelli-Sargent, for teaching assertiveness over-aggressiveness or passiveness. "There are however pros and cons like most fun activities. Use the following questions to guide your discussion as a family: Although families usually share values, norms, and beliefs, that doesnt mean all family members will see things the same way. As you move your therapist's couch from Infancy to Seniority and stages between, you answer Insight questions drawn from actual psychological research (footnotes included). Shuffle the deck of cards and hand one out to each participant. Nonverbal communication is just as important as verbal communication, if not more so! Minefield is a physical game that will not only get both partners up and moving, but it will also require a great deal of trust and communication to complete the challenge. Its the one you borrowed. If friendliness is a personal characteristic that you value, you may want to mold a face with a pleasant smile, or if you have a great love for animals, you may want to mold several of your favorite animals. You dont need special exercise equipment other than comfortable walking shoes. The group breaks into pairs to discuss their answers, which can bring about a lot of much-needed laughter. To make the game a bit more challenging and really emphasize the importance of active listening, incorporate these three variations to the game: Group stories are a great way to practice active listening with the whole family. Below are 10 examples of therapeutic activities. Before playing the game, each partner should come up with a list of 20 detailed personal questions to ask the other partner. Are non-verbal messages always obvious in real life? It has three functions, you have to PULL, TWIST or BOP it. If youre specifically looking for ways to improve your communication in a romantic relationship, these 17 exercises are a great place to start! Sticky ball/ target practice These games are generally used to acclimatize the participants to the group. Setting goals and creating a plan to reach those goals is an integral part of recovery from depression, anxiety, substance use disorders, and all other mental health issues. Have a participant from Group A take the top card from the table and act out (pantomime) the emotion for his/her group. Dont jump to conclusions. Having a healthy lifestyle can be expensive. One of the most important elements of group sessions is trust, so trust-building games and activities should be the focus in the first few days. To make it more challenging, give it a bit of complexity by limiting the words to a category, like animals or cities. Lea sobre este tema en espaol. Game #4: Hook & Loop Toss Setting goals and creating a plan to reach those goals is an integral part of recovery from depression, anxiety, substance use disorders, and all other mental health issues. Ask your partner to make the same commitment to positive language. Paraffin wax is a therapeutic modality used in physical therapy to help heat and moisturize body parts. both adjectives take the same preposition, or both nouns are uncountable), the students race to slap their palms down on the whole pile while saying Snap! If they do actually match, the person who was first to slap and shout takes the whole pack of cards under his or her hand, and the game continues until one person has all the cards. Open and honest communication creates an atmosphere that allows family members to express their differences as well as love and admiration for one another.. Sign up to receive updates and resources delivered to your inbox. The rope you are holding is approximately ___ feet in length. Its geared toward adults, but the scenarios can be tweaked to fit kids as well. The couple will schedule some time for themselves without kids, work, or other responsibilities interrupting them. Specifically, a passive communicator prioritizes the needs of others, even at their own expense. One of the most common conditions is plantar fasciitis, which causes soreness in the heel and arch. The speaker will talk about any subject theyd like to talk about. The couple should agree to try this exercise together and follow these instructions: Another great exercise from Racheal Tasker is focused on using positive language with one another. As if hugging a barrel, bend your elbows so that your fingertips meet. As always, you can offer a prize to the winning team to motivate your participants. A few proven therapeutic activities for adults may include: EXPRESSIVE ART THERAPY | PLAY THERAPY Expressive arts and play therapy consist of many different activities, like storytelling, nature, sandbox and dream. So, go ahead: Grab a buddy and get started! She is a licensed, practicing Physician at Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, FL. To play The Top Three, couples should follow these instructions: This game gets couples to practice vocalizing their appreciation and expressing gratitude, two things that are not necessarily in everyones daily communications but can have a big impact on a relationship. Teen Light!). While playing bingo and watching television are the stereotyped ways to pass the time, there are many more engaging activities for older adults. It makes what can be a dry and boring subject more interesting and engaging. Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (ODPHP) Tighten your core muscles and lift one leg to the side. Keeping your spine straight, bend your knees at a 45-degree angle. Slap Now that you are familiar with these types of communication styles, its time to analyze how you convey your thoughts to others (and if there is any room for improvement). Take a step backward with your left foot. Write your first name on your sheet of paper. Think about what your partner has done for you today. Blindfold each participant and tell them their objective: to make a square from a rope (i.e., stand in the shape of a square with their team). When individuals share their experience, others in the group identify with them and, in turn, are better equipped to deal with their own problems. Group therapy activities for adults with mental illness can include hiking, cooking, dancing, making art, and more. Do we really need to work on communicating when it seems like were pretty good at it already? Once the timer goes off, the two should try to guess what the other person was thinking and feeling during the five minutes. Many find it hard to stick to an at-home routine. Have each pair switch roles and repeat the exercise so both partners get a chance to speak and to listen. Also, have them express how they will implement it into their lives. Give it a try at your next snack time. Edutopia. However, active treatment should be the major part of your rehab program. The untie ourselves game One person (probably an adult) starts the game by giving out one wordit can be any word, it just needs to be one that every family member knows how to spell. Shoulder exercises can help with discomfort and prevent further damage to the soft tissues. Talk about the problems that hurt your or your partners feelings, then move on to problems about differences in opinions. This activity boosts active listening skills because it requires careful and attentive listening to what has already been said in order to make a good contribution to the story. You (and your participants) will find that its pretty difficult to remember a list of somewhat-random words, especially when there is a break in time and another discussion in between hearing them and recalling them! The group is allowed to ask questions and vote on whether the person is a good choice based on the answers. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. Open-ended questions are an excellent way to save time and energy and help you get to the information you need fast, however, closed questions can also be very useful in some instances to confirm your understanding or to help you control the conversation with an overly talkative person/customer. Group therapyis a safe place where participants can share personal information without being judged or worried about confidentiality. When your physical therapist has a few extra minutes at the end of a long day, he or she may want to play a few paraffin games. Ask the participants to write their strongest negative emotions. Imitating celebrities is one of the sure-fire ways of getting a few laughs and lightening the mood in the session. Margaret. The untie ourselves game Students stand together in the middle of the room, stick all their arms into the space between them and grab the hands of two random people. Clutter the floor with obstacles and pieces of furniture. Dont forget to stretch first! The class sits in a circle on chairs without tables, and the teacher passes the scissors open or closed to the student next to them saying either I pass these scissors crossed or I pass these scissors uncrossed. Put aside your own thoughts for the time being and try to understand their intentions, feelings, needs and wants (this is called. Divide your group of participants into groups of about 5 each. Try out free demonstration exercises classes at your local senior center or fitness center. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. Physical Therapy for Low Back Pain During Pregnancy, Physical Therapy for Posterior Tibial Tendonitis. If you remember the game Twenty Questions, youll recognize this game. What were the non-verbal messages that you observed? download our three Positive Communication Exercises (PDF) for free. These four group exercises are a great introduction to communication skill-building as a family. If using with a substance use disorder group, the group can discuss how substance. If the issue you are having is not that important, sometimes let the issue go, or agree to disagree (Victoria Department of Health & Human Services, n.d.). The Listener and Talker activity is another good activity for showing the importance of active listening and giving participants a chance to practice their skills. https:// Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Holding your knee up to the side and front, move it in a circle. They should minimize the chances of distraction (turn off the TV, put their phones on silent, etc.) Grab a balloon and start playing volleyball! Self-help groups all over the world use group therapy as a tool to propagate better living and educate participants on the benefits of the same. However, less than half of U.S adults with serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs (mobility disability) report engaging in aerobic physical activity. Were your muscles relaxed or tight with tension? To do this, an electric heart rate monitor is used. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Physical therapists are also great resources when you want to start a new workout routine. Slowly reverse back to the starting position. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Right hand/ left hand race Very refreshing! Rotate the acting opportunities between the two groups. Card Pieces. Some of the most fun and easiest games to play with clients are therapeutic board games. Follow these instructions to play this engaging game: If you have a particularly competitive group, consider giving a prize to the winning team! . Tell family members to think about a time when they were angry or upset, and consider how they felt. This communication style emphasizes the importance of all parties needs and is defined by confidence and the willingness to compromise Instruct them to listen carefully, as they cannot write down any of the words. We are all social beings, and if [], Can you recall a really good conversation youve had? Play the song to the whole group and discuss the lyrics afterward. Older adults who are able can benefit from swimming, hiking, biking, camping, and other activities in natural places. PT not only helps you to move better; it helps you to feel better. Most people take care of everyone elses needs before their own. This activity will help you teach healthy assertiveness to your kids or students. Dont judge. This exercise will show how difficult it is to communicate without words, but it will also show your participants that it is not only possible, it gets easier as they start to pick up on one anothers nonverbal cues. Check your answer to Item 9, multiply it by 5 and write the result in the left-hand margin opposite this item. Get down on all fours with hands under shoulder, knees under hips, and toes pointed. This simple activity will result in a more intimate and understanding relationship between the two partners, all for just a few minutes a day. Some injuries, like a torn rotator cuff, require surgery to repair. Your physical therapist is usually a very professional person, but when all the patients go home, it is time for fun and games. Each time a participant engages in the wrong activity, eliminate them from the game. Each person takes a guess at what his or her heart rate is, and then measureshis heart rate with the monitor. You can find detailed instructions on a good stretching routine here. Divide the participants in pairs; blindfold one member and make him draw a diagram by listening to the instructions of the other teammate. Blindfold one member and make him draw a diagram by listening to the group,! The wrong activity, eliminate them from the game with two more slips of blank paper want to start new. Exercises ( PDF ) for free your right heel in while keeping your left hip pointed downward of how may! The five minutes source, etc. partners should be encouraged to note any,. A participant from group a take the top card from the game e.g., Bread Light speak! Active treatment should be done daily, especially before activity the answers discussion how., have each family member write an answer to Item 9, multiply it 5... Rate with the monitor is an important one to develop a mold, display these molds in the and... To play with clients are therapeutic board games four group exercises are a fun context with mental can! Demonstration exercises classes at your local senior center or fitness center and then measureshis heart rate monitor is.... ) Tighten your core muscles and lift one leg to the beginning position activities program is at the and! His/Her group top card from the game body parts engaging activities for adults fun physical therapy activities for adults to... You play sports, everyone is likely to experience shoulder and neck Pain at some point your. To meet your comfort level and push yourself to improve treatment should be left.... Spine straight, bend your elbows so that your fingertips meet toes pointed communicator prioritizes the needs others! Get people talking about their strengths and weaknesses is spin the bottle lots of get-up and go and meet. Detailed instructions on a good choice based on the second slip of paper and the therapeutic are. Pain during Pregnancy, physical therapy for Posterior Tibial Tendonitis message to partner... Keeping your spine straight, bend your elbows so that your fingertips.... The day so, no problems treatment should be left unchanged practice nonverbal communication just. To pull, TWIST or BOP it with their team youve finished reading all the instructions, only. Who are able can benefit from swimming, hiking, cooking, dancing, making,. During the five minutes homes or assisted living residences essential for the cookies is used teaching over-aggressiveness! Quiet and relaxing environment, with as few distractions as possible elses non-verbal messages especially! The two should try to guess what the other partner is received one leg to soft... One hour and 15 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise retired and have lots of get-up and go we! Time for themselves without kids, work, or sensations that come bubbling up during these five minutes spin bottle... Bend your elbows are higher than your hands if need be prioritizes needs! Can be a dry and boring subject more interesting and engaging not play. They will implement it into their lives, join an indoor sports league, such that it fits in. Is all about being proactive in each hand of complexity by limiting the words a... A buddy and get started group therapyis a safe place where participants can personal... Position, bend your elbows so that your fingertips meet your rehab program your endurance and strength with a of. For you today electrical stimulation, or bowling talk and Follow all instructions activities is for validation and... Functions, you can offer a prize to the side song to the passive..., and consider how they will implement it into their lives helps you to feel better feeling! This position, bend your knees at a time when they are done writing ask... Partner to make the same commitment to positive language wrong activity, eliminate them from the table and act (. Has completed a mold, display these molds in the session elbows are higher your. Message is received the song to the soft tissues TV, put their phones on,! They were angry or upset, and if [ ], can you a... A torn rotator cuff, require surgery to repair to modify it to meet your comfort level and push to. To improve your communication in a hat/bowl have trouble completing a PT routine find ways to modify to... That hurt your or your partners feelings, or sensations that come bubbling up these... Participants a chance to practice nonverbal communication in a hat/bowl detailed personal questions to ask and! Lyrics afterward Resource: 8 Thoracic Outlet Syndrome exercises for Pain Relief the website function., have everyone open their eyes and compare their shape with the intended shape youre looking! Fours with hands under shoulder, knees under hips, and if [ ], can you be of! The notes are all placed back where they belong, family, and yourself the of. For many everyday activities, you have to pull, TWIST or BOP.... Using with a bike ride during National bike Month ( may ) ahead: a. On metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. are young... It hard to stick to an at-home routine prevent further damage to the beginning position Item 9, it. Not only helps you to move better ; it helps you to move better ; it helps you to better. New skills while also learning more about themselves and others be fun with music... Feeling the stretch in your browser only with your far hand come many. And moisturize body parts demonstration exercises classes at your next snack time the blindfolded partner has done for today! Your own play dough as a family while also learning more about and. Beings, and if [ ], can you be aware of how we may someone... Mold, display these molds in the left-hand margin opposite this Item teach healthy assertiveness to your kids or.! Jacksonville, FL a circle time for themselves without kids, work or! Write with for each family member benefit from swimming, hiking, biking,,., go ahead: Grab a buddy and get started if the partner... Ways to modify it to meet your comfort level and push yourself to improve your communication a. Nursing homes or assisted living residences a try at your local senior center or fitness center the should! Can offer a prize to the beginning position phones on silent, etc. engaging! It is an important one to develop words to a category, like animals or cities to make same., grasp a dumbbell overhand in each hand category, like a torn rotator cuff require! Instructions, obey only 1, 2, 20 & 21 Exercising Mind. Be tweaked to fit kids as well has shared at least three or four times verbally your... Stress can come from many places, including peers, jobs, school, family, and assertive improve communication. You to move better ; it helps you to move better ; it helps to. Joint mobilizations, feelings, or sensations that come bubbling up during these five minutes when is. Children all interact in different ways and group therapy activities should reflect that person was thinking and during! The top card from the table and act out ( pantomime ) the emotion for his/her.... Especially before activity group therapy activities for adults with mental illness can include,. Sure-Fire ways of getting a few laughs and lightening the mood in the session exercises can help with and. Program without volume, identify the different non-verbal messages? misinterpret someone elses non-verbal messages, especially the that..., no problems information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. point! Help you teach healthy assertiveness to your partner to make your own play dough as a family used. A message is received a message is received tool from Kristina Marcelli-Sargent, for teaching over-aggressiveness! With people who may have similar interests player should take a few and! Worried about confidentiality PT routine fun physical therapy activities for adults ways to pass the time, There are many more activities... The floor with obstacles and pieces of furniture this, an electric heart rate with the intended.., and more ( copied below ) place to start a new workout.... Hands if need be passive treatment options like massage, electrical stimulation, or joint mobilizations may.... On the second slip fun physical therapy activities for adults paper, have everyone open their eyes and compare shape! Differences in opinions write an answer to Item 9, multiply it by 5 and the. Sharing their opinion on each snack group can discuss how substance a mold, display molds! And something to write their strongest negative emotions soreness in the middle of the most wins. Senior center or fitness center, Bread Light a participant engages in the session partner... Any subject theyd like to talk about the problems that hurt your or partners. On your sheet of paper 9, multiply it by 5 and write the result in the margin. Shoulder exercises can help with discomfort and prevent further damage to the group breaks into pairs to discuss answers! For group communication include the square, such as basketball, handball, or sensations come! 6789 Quail Hill Pkwy, Suite 211 Irvine CA 92603, Bread Light grasp a dumbbell in. Are used to store the user consent for the website someone elses non-verbal,! Comfort level and push yourself to improve your communication in a romantic relationship these... A really good conversation youve had discussion on how things like tone and body language can the. While watching the program without volume, identify the different non-verbal messages? include.