his position on freedom movements In communist states such as Poland, was unforgivable He is rightly labelled a Stalinist, along with Corbyn. Absolute nonsense on all accords above. This is unfair as after the NCB accidently announced pit closures, the strike gained momentum very quickly forcing Scargill to just go along with it. Harpercollins Publishers, 2012. Nothing good about it. March 07, 2009. Person/Body (Historic): Kahn, Peggy. He is best known for leading the UK miners' strike (1984-85), a major event in the history of the British labour movement. 100 1 _ a . [6] Marr, Andrew. [38] Thatcher, Margaret. He mentions how the strikers overtime ban was biting deep into power-station coal stocks and goes on to say If it was allowed to continue until the autumn, managers warned, a twelve-week strike would be enough to put the countrys lights out[26]. [39], During the media controversy, the antiperspirant Mitchum used Scargill's image, without his consent, under the slogan "Mitchum, for when you're really sweating! The Myth of Workers' Control Arthur Scargill Snippet view - 1980. Arguably, one of the most important factors in the failure of the Miner's Strike in 1984 was the leadership of the head of NUM, Arthur Scargill. His mother, Alice (ne Pickering), was a professional cook. "Two Kinds of Reform: Left Leadership in the British National Union of Mineworkers and the United Mineworkers of America, 19821990. of the other candidates claimed that they were given very little time to prepare. This shows that even someone who takes the traditional mainstream media view, that because of Scargills actions the strike was poorly supported and doomed to fail, you cant deny the amount of support that the miners had. Scargill, Solidarity and Workers Revolutionary Party ( Book ) Margaret Thatcher, face aux mineurs : 1972-1985, treize annes qui ont chang l'Angleterre by Pierre-Franois Gouiffs ( Book ) One of the main planks of his platform was to give more power to union conferences than to executive meetings, on the grounds that the former were more democratic. [42] Evans, Eric J. Thatcher and Thatcherism. The End of an Era Diaries 1980-90. He regularly attended Workers' Educational Association (WEA) classes and Co-operative Party educational programmes, and in 1962, undertook a three-year, part-time course at the University of Leeds, where he studied economics, industrial relations and social history. Tony Benn. Wikipedia. However, he does give credit to the harsh tactics taken by the miners that may have cut out any support for the Nottinghamshire miners; The only legitimate question that may be raised about the tactics of the NUM nationally was whether the Yorkshire miners, by picketing Nottinghamshire so early and so vigorously, alienated those they were seeking to influence. It is possible that you may need to edit the .htaccess file at some point, for various reasons.This section covers how to edit the file in cPanel, but not what may need to be changed. This is supported by Margaret Thatcher herself; His (Ian McGregor) impression was that the police were failing to uphold criminal law and that the pickets had been able to prevent people going to work[38]. jQuery(function() { [33], In July 1990, the NUM executive voted unanimously to sue Scargill and general secretary Peter Heathfield. [43] Marr, Andrew. The Miners Strike Day by Day: The Illustrated 1984-85 Diary of Yorkshire Miner Arthur Wakefield. Andrew Marrs view on why the Miners strike failed is much more convincing as it gives credit to Scargills leadership skills while also saying not even he would be able to persuade every part of the industry to strike showing that Marr believes that Scargill was the best man for the job. [31] There was much criticism of Scargill within the NUM from the Welsh and Scottish areas, who briefly considered splitting from the NUM. Barnsley: Wharncliffe, 2002. London: Pan Books, an Imprint of Pan Macmillan, 2017. Yet he was a trade union leader who helped lead a strike that brought down a Tory government (1974) and correctly understood that Thatcher was out to smash the unions and that they needed to fight back. Riddled with Stalinist politics and practice and some of the worst sectarianism imaginable, it has no meaningful existence today. Dont forget that Labours manifesto at Kinnocks last election included a policy of leaving the bloc, and who knows what t was under Corbyn. After a Labour Party conference speech on energy policy by Richard Marsh in July 1967, Scargill said: I can honestly say that I never heard flannel like we got from the Minister he said that we have nuclear power stations with us, whether we like it or not. Can you add one ? We've received widespread press coverage since 2003, Your UKEssays purchase is secure and we're rated 4.4/5 on reviews.co.uk. [37] The prosecution brought by the Certification Officer was rejected in July 1991 on the grounds that it would be inappropriate to use the material provided in confidence to Lightman's enquiry. [5] However, we have to keep in mind that Tony Benn opposed the radical restrictions put on the striking miners as he thought they were unfair. [19] Morgan, Kenneth O.Britain since 1945: The Peoples Peace. The Enemy Within: The Secret War against the Miners. The movement faced a huge confrontation from the Conservative government of Margaret Thatcher, and the union was eventually defeated. If you have already uploaded the file then the name may be misspelled or it is in a different folder. Vast majority of people work retail or asBarristersselling fancycoffee to people on the way to work in offices, most of them on single hour contracts working in retail parks or business parks built on the ground of old mine, steelworks and potteries that used to employ tens of thousands of men and now employ the best part of 100. Amazingly the electorate resent being told they're either racist or stupid or both, if the remain campaign had been more mature in it's approach, almost certainly a different decision would have been reached. Page 57. Harpercollins Publishers, 2012. Eric Evans described him as aggressive and charismatic, but vain and politically limited[42], therefore showing his limitations as the head of NCB. Shirley Letwin takes the mainstream media view that Arthur Scargills incompetence as a leader caused the miners strike to fail. January 07, 2000. You may need to scroll to find it. . [8] Beckett, Francis, and David Hencke. Looking for a flexible role? I think people would be astounded if they knew that."[42]. Arthur Scargill (born January 11, 1938) is a British trade unionist. Scargill has so burnt his bridges with the NUM and the broad left of the labour movement that his name is never mentioned at Durham miners gala or at other miners strike commemorations. The Enemy Within", Verso 2014. Arthur Scargill (born 11 January 1938) [1] is a British trade unionist who was President of the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) from 1982 to 2002. Your TV show 'White Light' presenter James Maw speaks to Union leader Arthur Scargill about what Trade unions can do for the youth of today. Which makes his present-day role (such as it is) in politics all the more tragic. After looking at the evidence, I believe that the Marxist view is more valid than the Mainstream media view in the fact that it is clear that Thatcher and her government went above and beyond in order to bring down Scargill and the miners. However, the people that argue this are clear Thatcherites such as Shirley Letwin, John Campbell and even Thatcher herself who blamed Scargill for the violence at the picket line mass pickets led by Arthur Scargill forced the closure of the Saltley Coke Depot in Birmingham[44] contradicting this, Seumas Milne who takes a clear Marxist view that the standard fairy tale, still routinely recycled by media and politicians alike, has it that Scargill called the action in spring in a classic example of his poor generalship and tactical sense[45]. The strike gained momentum quickly and calling a ballot may have broken down this early support. [32] The documentary suggests that the claims against Scargill were untrue. The myth of workers' control; More details; The myth of workers' control . After the Miners were beaten into submission in 1984and the rest of uscheated and swindled by that government and successive government afterwards. That violence strengthened the stature of the Coal Board and the Thatcher government. The Socialist Labour Party ( SLP) is a socialist political party in the United Kingdom. Nigel Lawson describes how the government were able to persuade the working miners to cross the violent picket lines; Those who continued to work were portrayed as heroes (and behind the scenes a considerable amount of private money was raised to help them resist the Scargillite intimidation)[30]. [15] How the Miners Strike Could Have Won. Socialist Worker (Britain). "[28] This was in the Prime Minister's rejection of Labour calls for an apology for government actions during the 19841985 miners' strike. Routledge, 1997. We also know that lots of support groups popped up to encourage the miners on in their fight. London: Routledge, 2019. This was seen as violent and was deemed illegal. Accessed January 06, 2019. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/3503545.stm. By not calling a National Ballot the strike rapidly gained support. He called for the cotton mills, steel plants and mines to be re-opened and that under EU rules, the government had not been able to subsidise the coal mines. [45], For years the NUM had been paying 34,000 annual rent for the flat on Scargill's instructions, without the knowledge of NUM members or many senior officials; Scargill claimed the NUM should continue funding his flat for the rest of his life, and thereafter for any widow who survived him. "Goodbye to all that? Arthur Scargill was in attendance but it was noteworthy (and significant) that he remained a peripheral figure being greeted by only a few of those attending. Arthur Scargill and Peggy Kahn. [56], In July 2021 he spoke at the Rebel Town Festival in Jarrow. Because of Scargills actions, the strike was illegal, poorly supported and doomed to failure given the level of government preparations. It turned into a confrontation with the Conservative government of Margaret Thatcher in which the miners' union was defeated. [37] Scargill reached an agreement to repay money to the NUM shortly after this. Another important factor in the failure of the miners strike was Thatcher and her governments actions during the strike such as using the police force. In 1990, Scargill was accused in a series of Daily Mirror articles of mishandling money donated for the striking miners during the 19841985 strike, with many of the sources being those who had previously worked with him in the NUM such as Kim Howells, Jim Parker and Roger Windsor. The Alliance for Workers' Liberty is an organisation fighting as part of the labour movement for a socialist alternative to both capitalism and Stalinism, based on common ownership and democracy. Accessed October 11, 2018. https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2000/jan/07/guardianletters4. She even admitted to appointing Peter Walker as Secretary of State for Energy because of his negotiating skills and said he was also a skilled communicator, something in which I knew would be important if we were to retain public support in the coal strike[29]. BATTLE FOR BRITAIN; on the 25th Anniversary of the Miners Strike, NORMAN TEBBIT, Reveals Why He Believes Defeat Would Have Been the Death of Democracy.. March 10, 2004. Page 39. Both the Marxist view and the mainstream media view gives credit to government preparations showing this was definitely an important factor in the failure of the strike. Here you can choose which regional hub you wish to view, providing you with the most relevant information we have for your specific region. Seumas Milne, who takes the Marxist view, supports Thatchers argument that government preparations werent sufficient enough to cause the failure of the strike. Like the onset of some cold glaucoma dimming away the world . Arthur Scargill (born 11 January 1938)[1] is a British trade unionist who was President of the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) from 1982 to 2002. However, Kenneth OMorgan may be overemphasising the amount of support that the miners had as we know that Thatcher continuously demonised the miners in the media calling them the enemy within and this reduced a lot of public support for the strike. [17], The government announced on 6 March 1984 its intention to close 20 coal mines, revealing as well the plan in the long-term to close over 70 pits. Margaret Thatcher began a media campaign in order to win over the public and demonise the miners. Aucun commentaire n'a t trouv aux emplacements habituels. How to find the correct spelling and folder, 404 Errors After Clicking WordPress Links, From the left-hand navigation menu in WordPress, click. (You may need to consult other articles and resources for that information.). September 09, 2018. Page 342. RewriteRule . [18], Miners were split between those who supported the strike and those who opposed it (see Union of Democratic Mineworkers). Their support would have been vital if they were to win the strike; this is presented by Cabinet minutes which show that Thatchers priority was to settle the dock strike as quickly as possible in order to allow the government to concentrate on winning the miners strike[15]. Page 346. Thatcher, herself, advances this view in her memoirs The Downing Street Years and echoed by many other Thatcherites such as Nigel Lawson, Shirley Letwin and historians such as John Campbell. An example of this is the NACODs strike whereby Ian McGregor ordered colliery overmen to cross violent picket lines if they were to get paid. Margaret Thatcher. This will reset the permalinks and fix the issue in many cases. Scargill, once the hero of the miners, now cuts a rather sad, isolated figure and this is a complex post-1985 story. These preparations included the Ridley Plan, stockpiling coal, the appointment of Ian McGregor as head of NCB, the involvement of MI5 and MI6 and the introduction of the new trade union laws. A motion from the Kent area was passed by the NUM conference to move the head office to a coalfield. In pictures: Arthur Scargill's legacy Mr Scargill's election as NUM president in 1981 had an electrifying effect on the union movement. [15] However, Scargill's statements in the years after becoming NUM president divided left-wing opinion with his support of the Soviet Union, most notably when he refused to support the TUC's positions on the Solidarity union in Poland or on the Soviet shooting down of the Korean Air Lines Flight 007. January 07, 2000. Arthur Scargill: We Could Surrender or Stand and Fight. The Guardian. However, Wakefield also mentions the betrayal he felt by the Nottinghamshire miners who continued to work by saying The lads are in good spirits even if the majority of scabs are working. Strike: When Britain Went to War. In Defence of Marxism. However, Lawson then goes on to say The violent tactics used by the NUM pickets reopened the issue of Who governs Britain?. [19] The NUM had previously held three ballots on a national strike, all of which rejected the proposal: 55% voted against in January 1982, and 61% voted against in both October 1982 and March 1983.[20]. Therefore, the argument that Scargills leadership could have been one of the reasons that the miners strike failed is partly true as we know that due to Scargills decision to not call a national ballot he ended up losing key supporters such as the Labour party and many members of the public who couldnt support the strike as it was unofficial and didnt favour Scargills violent tactics. He claimed that the government had a long-term strategy to destroy the industry by closing unprofitable pits, and that it listed pits it wanted to close each year. Accessed October 12, 2018. : A Review of Literature on the 1984/5 Miners' Strike.". Accessed October 10, 2018. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3815426/. [52], The Guardian in February 2014 said that Scargill had become a recluse. When you get a 404 error be sure to check the URL that you are attempting to use in your browser.This tells the server what resource it should attempt to request. This was to begin the argument of whether the actions of Thatcher and the state during the strike led to its failure. }); ",confirmDelete: "Are you sure you want to delete this? Scargill never balloted NUM members for a strike; this was seen as an erosion of democracy within the union, but the role of ballots in decision-making had been made very unclear after previous leader, Joe Gormley, had ignored two ballots over wage reforms, and his decisions had been upheld after appeals to court were made. Page 22. UK | Politics | Head to Head: The Miners Strike. BBC News. My Style of Government: The Thatcher Years. Margaret Thatcher: Volume Two The Iron Lady. I then thought of things rather differently. 100 0 _ a Arthur Scargill c British trade unionist (born 1938) 100 1 _ a Scargill, Arthur d (1938- ). [1] Letwin, Shirley Robin. [23] BATTLE FOR BRITAIN; on the 25th Anniversary of the Miners Strike, NORMAN TEBBIT Reveals Why He Believes Defeat Would Have Been the Death of Democracy. Daily Mail (London), March 6, 2009. "It's so hypocritical it's unreal," he said. One source described them as the iron ladies of the coal fields[17]. Therefore, government preparations are more important than other factors, such as Arthur Scargills leadership and support for the strike, in the failure of the miners strike. Harpercollins Publishers, 2012. He also represented the Barnsley Co-op at Cooperative congresses. (2004) "Al Richardson (19412003): An Appreciation", David Howell, et al. [6] In 1970, he was elected a member of the regional committee of the Co-operative Retail Services in Barnsley and a delegate to its national conference. (The Yorkshire Left had already decided to stand him as their candidate even before the strike.) Scargill joined the Labour Party in 1962. Therefore, without support from key groups such as the Nottinghamshire miners and the dock workers, the striking miners were isolated which may have led to the failure of the strike itself. Atvery lease Mr Scargill was a leader of man and lead them unlike our current prime minister who couldn't lead a pack of sheep out of a field even though he resemble one. This included Norman Tebbits radical reforms[39] as put by Tony Benn, who was newly elected to the mining seat and a clear supporter of the 1984-85 Miners strike[40]. In March 2014, ex-miner John Cunningham attended the memorial meeting for the two Yorkshire miners killed in the strike, Davy Jones and Joe Green. You've been found out. In 1965 he was elected Branch Delegate from Woolley to the Yorkshire NUM Area Council, and in 1969 was elected a member of the Yorkshire NUM Area Executive Committee. First shown: 06/. The myth of workers' control: We are fighting for the survival of our culture: Selected Co-authors Countries and Regions of . However, if it had gone the other way the Yorkshire area would have come out and other areas would have to decide whether to give support. Page 158. His application was refused because the flat in the Barbican Estate's Shakespeare Tower was not Scargill's primary residence. He was a destructive force, in the Labour Party, and in the NUM. He also stated regarding Brexit that "we should just invoke the first clause of Article 50 and that means we could leave the EU tomorrow". The coal stocks at power stations held out[20]. When working with WordPress, 404 Page Not Found errors can often occur when a new theme has been activated or when the rewrite rules in the .htaccess file have been altered. Some historians have provided interpretations and explanations of the defeat. If like me you lived through that period of the early seventies, constant strike action, the mid seventies when Britain effectively went bust aided by constant strikes and was branded sick man of Europe going through the winter of discontent where it seemed everybody was on strike, building up to the miners strike in 84/85, you look back and struggle to convince even yourself that we allowed such selfish destructive idealism to ruin the lives of so many in this country. Therefore, the fact that Scargill didnt call a National Ballot was irrelevant[11] as Tony Benn says, but the fact that Scargill authorised violent tactics that reduced public sympathy and misjudged situations may have been a factor in the failure of the miners strike. The Truth of Nacods Shameful Sell-out. The Guardian. Regardless, we have to be careful when using Arthur Wakefield as a source as his diary entries will reflect his heightened emotions after a day of striking that may not truly reflect the real situation. On any measure, Scargill was a failure who brought hardship down on those who followed him, now a pitiful figure. Airport staff at Leeds-Bradford Airport identified Scargill attempting to travel under a false name (Arthur Fenn) wearing a disguise on 20 July, and turned him away to purchase a genuine ticket with his true identity. Therefore, the argument that the government limited its role to upholding law and order in the dispute is faulty as many of the people who were downplaying the governments actions are known Thatcherites and consequently had ulterior motives. Tony Benn opposes Evans view by saying the extent of the support in the NUM as a whole was evidenced by the overwhelming majority of miners who remained on strike until it ended in 1985[14]. We always have to be aware of the enemy within, which is much more difficult to fight and more dangerous to liberty[28]. She makes some bold accusations about when Scargill and his cohorts were accused of serious irregularities in the handling of union funds but this is unconvincing as it has never been proven true. [14] The section under "staff procedures" details how Scargill monitored head office staff: Mr. Scargill's vendetta against Head Office staff has at times descended to the most puerile and paranoic [sic] levels. London: Verso, 2014. Page 70. Logger.logCoid("61c4e44a-8d58-45d2-8bc5-5fc2bd749aae"); [37], The South Wales area leader, Des Dutfield, moved that Scargill should stand down and face re-election, but the motion was defeated. [14], The vast majority of head-office staff took redundancy rather than move to Sheffield. Redirects and rewriting URLs are two very common directives found in a .htaccess file, and many scripts such as WordPress, Drupal, Joomla and Magento add directives to the .htaccess so those scripts can function. You can try renaming that file to .htaccess-backup and refreshing the site to see if that resolves the issue. Accessed September 16, 2018. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3815426/. [4] He joined the Young Communist League in 1955, becoming its Yorkshire District Chair in 1956 and shortly after a member of its National Executive Committee. During this time, he earned the esteem of significant sections of the left and the British working class, who saw him as honest, hard-working and genuinely concerned with their welfare,[12] and he was also respected for improving the administration of the compensation agent's post. By 1984 however the police were ready and neutralized the tactic with superior force. My mother was strictly non-political. Test your website to make sure your changes were successfully saved. Scargill had the ability to do great things; Pity he got in the way of his own opportunities, and could not see Communism as a failed ideology that blighted every country in which it held sway. [54] He gave a rare television interview to ITV News at that time. Accessed January 06, 2019. https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2009/mar/07/arthur-scargill-miners-strike. [5] Benn, Tony. Harpercollins Publishers, 2012. Campbell, Adrian, and Malcolm Warner. Accessed October 10, 2018. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3815426/. References to this book. I've always said that if Arthur can no longer control the NUM, he'll try and destroy it. After the miners' strike in 1984, there were accusations that Arthur Scargill had misappropriated National Union of Mineworkers funds and that money which sh. [29] Thatcher, Margaret. Brexit: Labour movement debate, not talk with Tories! In his diary he documents the battle at Orgreave on Monday 18th of June, 1984; Ive never seen so many of our lads altogether, it brought tears to my eyes[16]. Page 150-152, [2] Campbell, John. However, another reason that many people blame Scargill for the downfall of the miners is due to the fact that Scargill authorised the flying picket strategy in order to stop miners going to work. The strike was called under Rule 41 of the NUM rule book, which said that local strikes can be made official by the National Executive without a ballot. National Archives: Margaret Thatcher Wanted to Crush Power of Trade Unions.. The 84/5 miners strike brought great hardship, but achieved nothing. This is portrayed by Kenneth OMorgan, who takes a clear mainstream media view. On the 20th of July 1984, Thatcher gave a speech to the 1922 committee where she deemed the miners as the enemy within going on to say We had to fight the enemy without, in the Falklands. He led an unofficial strike in 1969, and played a key organising role during strikes of 1972 and 1974, the latter of which played a part in the downfall of Edward Heath's Conservative government. Downing Street Years. He had been a Communist and retained strong Marxist views and a penchant for denouncing anyone who disagreed with him as a traitor Scargill had indeed been elected by a vast margin and he set about turning the NUM's once moderate executive into a reliably militant group By adopting a position that no pits should be closed on economic grounds, even if the coal was exhausted more investment would always find more coal, and from his point of view, the losses were irrelevant he made sure confrontation would not be avoided. Scargills first mistake was refusing to call a National Ballot after the strike started to gain support. Scargill won widespread applause for his response to the disaster at Lofthouse Colliery in Outwood, West Yorkshire, at which he accompanied the rescue teams underground and was on site for six days with the relatives of the seven deceased. He is looking for socialism in one country, and since that is impossible he ends up with a recipe of capitalism in one country. The most notable of these being the Women Against Pit Closures (WAPC) mainly made up of miners wives or women that grew up in mining communities. If not, correct the error or revert back to the previous version until your site works again. It was a defining moment in British industrial relations, and its defeat significantly weakened the trade union movement. So that was my initial introduction into socialism and into political militancy. [26], There is a prevailing view that Arthur Scargill, the NUM National President, called the strike. 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